ISIL issued a statement stressing that the bombing targeted a group of Christians.
Usman Abdullahi, the police spokesman for Taraba, said the blast in the rural Iware community occurred on Tuesday at a drinking spot in a section of a busy market, leaving 30 dead and more than a dozen people with injuries.
Nigeria is plagued by insecurity as armed gangs and extremist groups carry out attacks against communities and security targets in northern parts of the country.
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